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Singer (sewing machine)



Singer sewing machines first logo
Singer sewing machines first logo (1870)
Name: "Singer sewing machine"

Category: Home

Subcategory: Manufacturing

Inventor: Isaac Merritt Singer

Invented: 1850 - Boston, Mass., USA

Patented: August 12​, 1851

Producer: 
--- "Singer & Phelps", Boston, Mass. (founded in 1850 by Isaac Merritt Singer, Orson C. Phelps, and George B. Zieber to sell the first machines in Phelps's shop)
--- "I. M. Singer & Co.", New York City (founded in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer and lawyer Edward Clark, renamed "Singer Manufacturing Company" in 1863, then "The Singer Company" in 1963)

Production start: 1851 - New York City

First price: According to the first newspaper advertisement (1850, see below), the first Singer sewing machines «complete, with all appendages for operation» were sold for 125 US dollars

Features: In the summer of 1850, analyzing the flaws of the Lerow and Blodgett sewing machine, Isaac Merritt Singer devised a machine that used a shuttle that moved in a straight path—as opposed to theirs, which moved around in a complete circle. He visualized replacing their curved horizontal needle with a straight, vertically moving needle. Singer worked on perfecting his machine, and at the end of 1850 submitted a commercial sewing machine for his first patent model. On August 12, 1851, he was granted Patent No. 8,294. These commercial sewing machines were built in a machine shop owned by Orson C. Phelps at 19 Harvard Place in Boston. The head, base cams, and gear wheels of the machine were made of cast iron; to fit together, these parts had to be filed and ground by hand. The machine made a lockstitch by using a straight, eye-pointed needle and a reciprocating shuttle. The specific patent claims allowed were for: 1) the additional forward motion of the shuttle to tighten the stitch; 2) the use of a friction pad to control the tension of the thread from the spool; and 3) placing the spool of thread on an adjustable arm to permit thread to be used as needed. Overall measures: 16 in x 17 in x 12 in; 40.64 cm x 43.18 cm x 30.48 cm.
By November 1850, a three man enterprise - Isaac M. Singer, Orson C. Phelps (owner of the machine shop in Boston), and George B. Zieber (Singer's financier and partner), identifying themselves as the I. M. Singer & Co., placed advertisements in several newspapers proclaiming the amazing abilities of the «Singer & Phelps's Belay-stitch Sewing Machine».
What set Singer's machine apart from the other machines was that the Singer innovation was truly beneficial to the seamstress. According to a sewing machine historian, a practical working sewing machine required essential features: the lockstitch, an eye-pointed needle, a shuttle for the second thread, continuous thread from spools, a horizontal table, an overhanging arm, continuous feed, thread or tension control, a presser foot, and the ability to sew in a straight or curving line. Although, Singer did not invent or patent all of these essential features, he did incorporate them into his machine. He combined his predecessors' inventions with his own to create a practical and useful sewing machine. The ability to incorporate these features into one machine gave the Singer machine the clear advantage. Other machines possessed some of these features but not all. Additionally, the time spent in Phelps's workshop proved that the Lerow and Blodgett machine required a skilled mechanic to keep it functioning, whereas the Singer machine did not require a mechanic to keep it operational: it was even guaranteed to work for a full year without repairs.

Interesting facts: Son of poor German immigrants, Isaac Singer was born on October 27, 1811, in Pittstown, New York. As a young man he worked as a mechanic and cabinetmaker. For a time he was an actor and formed his own theatrical troupe, "The Merritt Players". Needing a steadier income, Singer worked for a plant in Fredericksburg, Ohio, that manufactured wooden type for printers. Seeing the need for a better type-carving machine, he invented an improved one. In June 1850, Singer took the machine to Boston looking for financial support. He rented display space in the workshop of Orson C. Phelps. Here Singer became intrigued with the sewing machine that Phelps was building for John A. Lerow and Sherburne C. Blodgett. The result of this new passion - the birth of the first Singer sewing machine, can be explored in the "Features" section above, and by images below.
The machine incorporated the basic eye-pointed needle and lock stitch, developed by inventor Elias Howe: in 1851, immediately after the registration, he asked Singer to pay 2,000 dollars for the use of his patent. Meanwhile, Singer was looking for a new partner, and with Howe's accusations circling, it was advantageous to look for a partner with legal talents. Singer found Edward Clark, a respectable and skilled New York lawyer, who becomes co-founder of the "I. M. Singer & Co.". Singer and Clark actively fought the infringement; however, the courts ruled in favor of Howe. In 1854, after three years of litigation, Howe was rewarded $15,000 in damages, and royalties of $25 per machine. When Howe's patent expired, he had received royalties up to $2,000,000.
In 1855 the Singer brand was awarded the first prize at the World’s Fair in Paris, France. That same year, Singer became the largest selling brand of sewing machines internationally. In 1865 Singer brand introduces the new "Family” Sewing Machine, in 1870 the Red "S" girl trademark, in 1889 the first practical electric sewing machine, and in 1890 Singer brand reaches 90% market share globally.

Slogan (1892): «All Nations use Singer Sewing Machines»

Property: I. M. Singer & Co., Singer Manufacturing Company, The Singer Company

Producer website: https://www.singer.com

Singer sewing machines, first newspaper advertisement 1850
Singer sewing machines, first newspaper advertisement (Burlington free press, Burlington, Vt., November 8, 1850). «Sewing by Machinery. To Journeymen Tailors, Sempstresses, Employers, and all others intersted in Sewing of any description. SEVERAL ATTEMPTS have been made to produce Machinery for Sewing, but they were not whitout many objections, and could be used to little advantage or profit. Singer & Phelp's Belay stitch Sewing Machine, invented by Isaac M. Singer, and manufactured by Singer & Phelp's, No. 19 Harvard Place, Boston, Mass., is offered to the public as a perfect machine, and will be constructed and adapted to perform any kind of work, from the stitching of a fine shirt-bosom to a ship's sail, as well as some descriptions of leather. The needle is straight, and works perpendicularly upon the table of the machine, affording room and opportunity to adjust the fabric in any way - and the stitch may be regulated to any length, even to a hair's breadth. The stitch made by this machine is one which will not ravel or open, and the sewing can only be taken apart by cutting every second or third stitch. From 500 to 1500 stitches, according to the fabric operated upon, may be taken per minute. To bring this machine to perfection, much labor and study have been expended upon it by the inventor, and the subscribers now offer the Belay-stitch Sewing Machine, feeling confident that it will correspond, upon trial, with the recommendation here given. The profits arising from the use of one of these machines, which sews with either one or two needles, is from five to six dollars per day. The operation is not confined to the manufacture of clothing only, but may be applied to sewing every description of linen, cotton, woolen, and most kinds of leather. The machine, with ordinary care, is warranted to run one year without repairs, and will last many years. And it is so simple in its construction, and so easily regulated and managed, that any person of ordinary ability may operate it. The price of one of these sewing machines, which is worked by treadle, and capable of sewing any ordinary linen, muslin, or woolen fabric, is one hundred and twenty-five dollars, complete, with all appendages for operation. These machines are so beautiful and neat in their appearance, and they take up so little room, that they are an ornament to any lady's sewing apartment. An Agent, (with whom exclusive arrangements will be made,) is wanted in every city and town in the United States. All applications for Agencies, and all orders enclosing the money for machines, (which will be carefully packed to send to any part of the world,) as well as all enquiries about their adaptation to different purposes, will be promptly attended to by the manufacturers. All letters must be post-paid, and addressed to SINGER & PHELPS, 19 Harvard Place, Boston, Mass. - Nov. 5, 1950.»

Singer sewing machines prototype 1850
Singer sewing machines, prototype (1850). Cast iron (heavy: est. 75 lbs), square machine. The head is unpainted, plain, metal finish. Lockstitch machine, shuttle is missing.

Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - front
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - side
Singer sewing machines, patent model (1851)

Singer sewing machine patent 1851 - sheet 1
Singer sewing machine patent 1851 - sheet 2
Singer sewing machine patent 1851 - sheet 3
Singer sewing machine patent 1851 - sheet 4
Singer sewing machines, images from Patent granted to Isaac M. Singer (August 12, 1851)

Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 1
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 2
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 3
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 4
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 6
Singer sewing machine patent model 1851 - photo framing 7
Singer sewing machines, patent model overview and details (1851)

Singer sewing machines, first showroom and headquarters 1857 NYC
Singer sewing machines, first showroom and headquarters located at 458 Broadway, New York City (1857)

Singer sewing machines, Letter A model 1859
Singer sewing machines, "Letter A" model (1859-1865)

Singer sewing machines, 12K Family model 1865
Singer sewing machines, 12K "Family" model with instruction manual (1865-1883, the machine pictured dates back to 1873)

Singer sewing machines newspaper ad 1869
Singer sewing machines, newspaper advertisement (The Emporia news., Emporia, Kan., January 1, 1869)

Singer sewing machines Statue of Liberty trade card 1883
Singer sewing machines, trade card featuring the Statue of Liberty (1883). This Singer trade card shows the Bartholdi Statue (as it was then known) before it was completed. Front: «THE "NEW SINGER"». Back: «THE BARTHOLDI STATUE. "LIBERTY ENLIGHTENING THE WORLD." (...) THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Agencies in all important Towns and Cities throughout the World».

Singer sewing machines ad poster 1892
Ad poster 1892 - All nations use Singer sewing machines
Singer sewing machines, advertisement posters «All nations use Singer sewing machines» (Singer Manufacturing Co., 1892)

Singer sewing machines ad card 1892 - Zululand
Singer sewing machines ad card 1892 - Ceylon
Singer sewing machines ad card 1892 - Portugal
Singer sewing machines, advertisement cards distributed at World Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893 (Singer Manufacturing Co., 1892 by J. Ottmann Lith. Co., N.Y.)

Singer sewing machines ad card 1893
Singer sewing machines, advertisement card titled «The first lesson on the Singer sewing machine» (Singer Manufacturing Co., 1893). Front: «The new improved Singer. Easy to use - easy to learn - easy to buy». Back: «Founded 1850. Progressing 1893. Over eleven million Singer sewing machines have been made and sold. Why the unprecedented success of this ideal machine? The answer comes echoing back from millions of homes that the Singer excels in all kinds of family sewing and art work. - It has: The shortest needle. The finest and simplest stitch adjustement. The best "balanced tension". The greatest number of labor-saving modern improvements. The simplest self-threading shuttle. The best automatic bobbin-winder. The greatest capacity for all kinds of family sewing. Prices within the reach of all. Liberal terms on monthly payments. The Singer Manufacturing Company».

Singer sewing machines ad card 1895 - The Singer Dorcas Society
Singer sewing machines, advertisement card titled «The "Singer" Dorcas Society» (Singer Manufacturing Co., 1895). «Singer family sewing machines are so simple and light running that even the youngest children can easily learn how to sew on them».

Singer sewing machines French ad 1895
Singer sewing machines, French advertisement «La Compagnie "SINGER" Machines à Coudre» (J.E. Goossens, Paris, ca. 1895)

Singer sewing machines ad 1900
Singer sewing machines, advertisement: «The cycle of a century 1800-1900. Singer sewing machines lead all others» (Singer Manufacturing Co., ca. 1900)

Isaac Merritt Singer
Isaac Merritt Singer (Pittstown, New York, USA, October 27, 1811 - Paignton, Devon, UK, July 23, 1875), actor, businessman, inventor of the Singer sewing machine and founder of I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 (oil on canvas by Edward Harrison May, 1824-1887)

Singer 170th Anniversary 1851-2021
Singer celebrates its 170th Anniversary (1851-2021) introducing a Limited Edition 170th Anniversary Vintage 15-class cast-iron machine in both black and red versions

Palmolive (soap)



Palmolive logo 1899
Palmolive logo 1899
Name: "Palmolive"

Category: Health - Beauty

Subcategory: Soap

Inventor - Producer: B. J. Johnson Soap Co. (founded by Burdett J. Johnson in 1864, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, as B. J. Johnson & Company, renamed B. J. Johnson Soap Company in 1894, then The Palmolive Company in 1917, under the management of Burdett's son Caleb Elliott Johnson)

Production start: 1898 - Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

First price: 10 cents a cake

Features: The original formula of Palmolive Soap was composed primarily of palm oil, olive oil, and cocoa butter.

Interesting facts: In 1864 Burdett J. Johnson, native from New York, estabilished the B. J. Johnson & Company, a soap manufacturing business in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. A few years later Burdett's son Caleb Elliott Johnson entered the father's business: initially as a worker, then as a traveling salesman and regular employee of the company. On December 31, 1894, the company was renamed B. J. Johnson Soap Company, and Caleb Johnson was made vice president until 1902, when his father died and he succeeded the presidency. During these years - exactly in 1898, the company introduced the Palmolive Soap, so called after its formula that included palm and olive oils. In 1917 the corporation was renamed The Palmolive Company, having a run of success over the years – relying heavily on advertising: the product proved wildly popular, thanks in large part to an advertising campaign that promoted it as an exotic cleanser that would have been favored in the age of the Pharaohs. By the early 1900s, Palmolive was the world's best-selling soap and a full line of Palmolive cosmetics soon followed; in 1928, the company merged with Colgate and the resulting firm, Colgate-Palmolive, still exists today.

Slogan (1899): «The new Luxury - made of Palm and Olive Oils»

Property: Colgate-Palmolive Company

Producer website: https://www.colgatepalmolive.com

Palmolive Soap 1910
Palmolive Soap as it appeared in 1910 advertisements

Palmolive Soap, ad August 22, 1899
Palmolive Soap, ad August 25, 1899
Palmolive Soap, ad August 29, 1899
Palmolive Soap, ad September 1, 1899
Palmolive Soap, ad September 3, 1899
Palmolive Soap, first advertisements in newspapers (The Saint Paul globe, St. Paul, Minn., 1899, from top: August 22, 25, 29, September 1, 3)

Palmolive Soap, ad April 1904
Palmolive Soap advertisement (The Century illustrated monthly magazine, April 1904)

Palmolive Soap, ad March 1910
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «The Easy Way To Beauty-Free» (Collier's, March 1910)

Palmolive Soap, ad March 1915
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «How the Grecian Mother Bathed her Baby» (The American Magazine, March 1915)

Palmolive Soap, ad August 1916
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «Ours the Greater Luxury» (The Ladies' Home Journal, August 1916, art by Coles Phillips)

Palmolive Soap, ad June 1917
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «Buying Palmolive 3,000 Years Ago» (People's Home Journal, June 1917, art by Willy Pogany)

Palmolive Soap, ad 1918
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «When Ancient Egypt Was Young» (1918, art by Neysa McMein)

Palmolive Soap, ad May 1919
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «The Oldest of Toilet Requisites» (The Ladies' Home Journal, May 1919, art by Coles Phillips)

Palmolive Soap, ad 1920
Palmolive Soap advertisement: «Re-Incarnation of Beauty» (1920, art by Neysa McMein)

Palmolive old factory
"A Day in the Palmolive Factory", pamphlet in Pdf (The Palmolive Company, 1925) «Dedicated to the sales force of The Palmolive Company by the advertising department»

Burdett J. Johnson and his son Caleb Elliott Johnson
The entrepreneurs who launched the Palmolive brand in 1898: Burdett J. Johnson (Buffalo, April 14, 1826 - Milwaukee, August 23, 1902), founder of B. J. Johnson & Company in 1864 (The Palmolive Company in 1917), and his son Caleb Elliott Johnson (Buffalo, June 7, 1857 - Jacksonville, August 8, 1924), who served as vice-president (1894-1902) and president (1902-1924) of the company.

Palmolive Soap in 2020
Palmolive Soap, advanced versions (2020)

Tom and Jerry (cartoon)



Tom and Jerry
Tom and Jerry, first opening with official series title 1941
Series title: "Tom and Jerry"

Category: Cartoon

Genres: Short, Comedy, Humor, Slapstick

Creators/Directors: 
--- William Hanna
--- Joseph Barbera

Country of origin: USA

Released: February 10, 1940 - USA

No. of shorts (original series): 114 shorts, last released on August 1, 1958

Producers: 
--- Rudolf Ising (1940)
--- Fred Quimby (1940–55)
--- William Hanna (1955–58)
--- Joseph Barbera (1955–58)

Production company: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Cartoon Studio

Distributor: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

Running time: 6-10 min.

Color: Technicolor

Original language: English

Background: The series revolve around a grey and white domestic cat, Tom, and a little brown mouse, Jerry, who spite each other: usually, Tom attempts to catch Jerry, but rarely succeeds, causing only trouble; so the shorts generally end showing the mouse triumphant.

Main characters (in order of appearance):
--- Jerry: named Pee-Wee in the first official announcement (see below), named Jinx in the first short (but not referred to in name on-screen), named Jerry since second short; first appearance in the first short "Puss Gets the Boot", February 10, 1940. Small brown house mouse, one of the two main protagonists of the series along with Tom.
--- Tom: named Jasper in the first official announcement (see below), named Jasper also in the first short, named Tom (full name Thomas) since second short; first appearance in the first short "Puss Gets the Boot", February 10, 1940. Grey and white domestic shorthair Tuxedo cat, one of the two main protagonists of the series along with Jerry.
--- Mammy Two Shoes: first appearance in the first short "Puss Gets the Boot", February 10, 1940. African-American housemaid, Mammy Two Shoes catches Tom acting against her orders. As a minor figure, her face is almost never shown.
--- Spike: occasionally named Killer/Butch/Bulldog in a few shorts; first appearance in the fifth short "Dog Trouble", April 18, 1942. Grey American bulldog, Spike has little affection for Tom; despite so, his relationships with Tom and Jerry varies from time to time.
--- Butch: first appearance in the 12th short "Baby Puss", December 25, 1943. His very first appearance, as Butch's only solo cartoon along Toodles Galore, took place in the MGM short "The Alley Cat" (July 5, 1941). Black alley cat, leader of Tom's friends alley cat bullies who often help him catch Jerry.
--- Toodles Galore: first appearance in the 23th short "Springtime for Thomas", March 30, 1946. Her very first appearance, as Toodles Galore's only solo cartoon along Butch, took place in the MGM short "The Alley Cat" (July 5, 1941). Attractive white female cat, Toodles is Tom's most favored love interest.
--- Tyke: first appearance in the 44th short "Love That Pup", October 1, 1949. In this short Spike was given a puppy son, Tyke precisely, who became a popular supporting character in the series. Spike is a loving father to his son Tyke.

Features: The birth of Tom and Jerry dates back in 1939, at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, when animator and storyman Joseph Barbera teamed up with animator and director William Hanna to develop some popular recurring characters like the other studios had. Their idea about a cat and a mouse always in conflict with each other was not entirely appreciated by producer Fred Quimby, despite this he let they go ahead and produce one cartoon short. This first short, titled "Puss Gets the Boot", was released to theaters on February 10, 1940, achieving great critical acclaim and earning an Academy Award nomination for Best Short Subject: Cartoons - the first nomination of a total of 13 in the series of 114 shorts directed by Hanna and Barbera until 1958, seven of which won the Oscar.
In 1957 MGM cartoon studio closed, and Hanna and Barbera founded an own production company to produce such popular animated television series including The Flintstones, Yogi Bear, and Scooby-Doo; however, over the years, Tom and Jerry have been relaunched several times by others directors through theatrical shorts, television series, spin-offs, movies and so, until the present day.

Interesting facts: In the original series (1940-1958) Tom and Jerry rarely spoke, and creator William Hanna himself provided most of their vocal effects, including Tom's trademark scream, and Jerry's nervous gulp. Hanna and Barbera made minor adjustments to Tom and Jerry's appearance over the years, so they would "age gracefully".

Property: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer



TOM AND JERRY - FIRST SHORT

First short title: "Puss Gets the Boot"

Released: February 10, 1940 - USA

Directors: 
--- William Hanna
--- Joseph Barbera
--- Rudolf Ising

Plot: See the official announcement below

Music: Scott Bradley

Animation: Don Williams, Michael Lah, Jack Zander, Peter Burness, Rudy Zamora, Ray Abrams, Tony Pabian, Carl Urbano, Robert Allen, George Gordon, Lovell Norman, Al Grandmain.

Running time: 9 min. 8 sec.

Tom and Jerry first short 1940
Tom and Jerry, opening and first scenes from the first short: "Puss Gets the Boot" (February 10, 1940). Released to theaters, the short achieved great critical acclaim and earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Short Subject: Cartoons in 1941.

Tom and Jerry first short announcement 1940
Tom e Jerry, official announcement for the first short "Puss Gets the Boot" released on February 10, 1940 (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Shorts Story magazine, January-February 1940). «PUSS GETS THE BOOT... Since Eve evolved from Adam's rib, cats have waged constant war against mice. Now comes a one-mouse revolution brought on by a cat, that ends in victory for the mouse. This story, as told in Rudolf Ising's latest M-G-M Cartoon, "Puss Gets the Boot," relates how this one small mouse, taking advantage of one large cat's shortcoming, subdues the large warrior in a battle of wits and with the aid, of course, of circumstances. Ising's cat feels particulary wicked, this day. Before putting an end to the mouse of his choice, he decides to toy with it. As the mouse pokes his headout of his hole, friend cat grabs him with his tail, flips him in the air, and lets him fall to the floor senseless. The cat then dips his paw into some ink and draws a false hole in the wall for the mouse. As soon as he awakens, the mouse makes a dash for his hole, runs into the solid wall and is knocked unconscious again. This time, when he awakens, he is angry. With great courage he strolls up to the cat and punches him right in the eye. Furious, the cat runs after the mouse, and dashes right into a pillar that supports a beautiful vase. The vase falls to the floor, crashes into a thousand pieces, and the cat, Jasper, by name, is in for it. Immediately the housekeeper chases after Jasper with a broom, beats him, and warns him that if anything else is broken in the house, he will be thrown into the street forever. Now, the mouse, named Pee-Wee, knows how to handle Jasper. If Jasper tries to hurt him again, he'll break something and blame it on the cat. The next time Jasper chases Pee-Wee, the mouse runs to the edge of a table, grabs one of a set of cocktail glasses, and defiantly shouts that he will drop the glass if the cat comes any closer. With each of Jasper's lunges, Pee-Wee threatens to drop the glass. Finally, just to be ornery, Pee-Wee does drop the glass which Jasper catches, before it breaks, by the skin of his theet. Another glass and still another come hurtling down with Jasper catching each one before it hits the floor. Now Jasper gets wise and places soft cushions all over so that even if Pee-Wee does drop the glasses, they won't break. Jasper moves toward Pee-Wee, who threatens to drop another glass. Jasper laughs, the mouse drops the glass and it falls on the pillows and doesn't break. Immediately, Pee-Wee is in Jasper's tail, being tossed up and down like a ball of wool. But Jasper flips Pee-Wee a bit too high. The mouse catches on the ledge of a mantel on which there are many valuable plates. Immediately he starts throwing them to the floor. The cat dashes around madly, catching each dish until his arms are full. Calmly, Pee-Wee comes down from the mantel, and kicks Jasper right into next week. Up in the air goes every dish, and down they come. The housekeeper catches the cat and banishes him from the house forever. Calmly, and with great confidence, Pee-Wee strolls back to his hole, sighing. "Home, Sweet Home."»

Tom and Jerry, first short, sketch 1939
Tom and Jerry, first short, sketch 1939 - Tom
Tom and Jerry, first short, sketch 1939 - Jerry
Tom and Jerry, original hand drawn concept designs (August 8, 1939) for the first short "Puss Gets the Boot" (February 10, 1940)



Tom and Jerry second short 1941
Tom and Jerry, characters names appeared for the first time as the official opening title of the series in the second short: "The Midnight Snack" (July 19, 1941)

Tom and Jerry second short announcement 1941
Tom e Jerry, official announcement for the second short "The Midnight Snack" released on July 19, 1941 (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Shorts Story magazine, July-August 1941). «MIDNIGHT SNACK - The same cat and mouse who were so well received in their first Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon, "Puss Gets the Boot," are back again, by public demand, in another co-starring vehicle titled "Midnight Snack." Supervised by William Hanna and Joe Barbera, the Technicolor one-reeler opens on Jerry, a little mouse, loaded down with a big slice of cheese, struggling away from the ice-box. He looks about cautiously as he staggers forward, making sure that he isn't being followed by Jasper, the cat. (...)»

Tom and Jerry, Mammy Two Shoes first appearance 1940
Mammy Two Shoes debut ("Puss Gets the Boot", February 10, 1940) and first of her rare appearances in full body ("Saturday Evening Puss", January 14, 1950)

Tom and Jerry, Spike and Tyke in their first appearances, 1942 - 1949
Spike and Tyke in their first appearances (left: Tom and Spike in "Dog Trouble", April 18, 1942 / right: Spike and Tyke in "Love That Pup", October 1, 1949)

Tom and Jerry, Butch and Toodles Galore in their first appearances, 1943 - 1946
Butch and Toodles Galore in their first appearances (left: Butch in "Baby Puss", December 25, 1943 / right: Toddles Galore in "Springtime for Thomas", March 30, 1946). Butch and Toddles Galore, before being integrated as recurring characters into the Tom and Jerry series, were introduced in the MGM only solo short "The Alley Cat" (July 5, 1941) by Hugh Harman.

Tom and Jerry, first Oscar 1943: The Yankee Doodle Mouse
Tom and Jerry, theatrical poster for "The Yankee Doodle Mouse" (June 26, 1943) - first of 7 Oscars winning shorts in the series for Best Short Subject: Cartoons

Tom and Jerry in Anchors Aweigh film 1945
Tom and Jerry, first cast in a live-action/animated movie: "Anchors Aweigh" (1945, musical comedy by George Sidney starring Frank Sinatra, Kathryn Grayson, and Gene Kelly). The movie is remembered for the sequence in which Gene Kelly dances along with Jerry.

William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
The creators of Tom and Jerry: William Denby "Bill" Hanna (Melrose, July 14, 1910 - North Hollywood, March 22, 2001), American animator, director, producer, voice actor, and cartoon artist; Joseph Roland "Joe" Barbera (New York City, March 24, 1911 – Los Angeles, December 18, 2006), Italian-American animator, director, producer, storyboard artist, and cartoon artist.

Hanna and Barbera, 7 Oscars for Tom and Jerry
William Hanna and Joseph Barbera pose alongside all the Oscars won by their Tom and Jerry shorts for "Best Short Subject: Cartoons" under their direction (1940 to 1958: 7 Oscars and 6 nominations)

You might also like, by the same authors Hanna and Barbera:
--- The Flintstones